← Cubetick home

How ao5 and ao12 are calculated in speedcubing

ao5 (average of 5) takes your last five solves, drops the fastest and the slowest, and averages the three in the middle. That is not the same as dividing by five, so the same times can show different numbers depending on how your timer app does the math. Here is how the WCA-style calculation works, with an example.

An ao5 example

Say these are your five solves. Drop the fastest (11.84) and the slowest (19.02), then average the middle three.

SolveTimeCounted
114.21Yes
211.84No (best)
315.67Yes
419.02No (worst)
513.90Yes

ao5 = (14.21 + 15.67 + 13.90) ÷ 3 = 14.59 s. A plain mean of all five would be 14.93 s, more than 0.3 s off.

Why drop the best and worst?

So one lucky easy scramble or one mistake (a lockup, a dropped cube) doesn't swing the number. That makes ao5 a better measure of your real speed than a single, and it is why most WCA events rank competitors by an average of 5.

How ao12, ao50 and ao100 differ

ao12 drops one best and one worst out of 12 and averages the remaining 10. With more solves, dropping just one each end is not enough, so ao50 and ao100 usually trim 5% from each end. Check your app's description, because trim rules can vary.

  • ao5: drop best 1 and worst 1 of 5 → average 3
  • ao12: drop best 1 and worst 1 of 12 → average 10
  • ao50 / ao100: drop 5% from each end → average the rest
  • mean (mo3 etc.): a plain average with nothing dropped

How DNF and +2 count

A +2 simply adds two seconds to that solve. A DNF counts as the slowest possible time, so one DNF in an ao5 gets dropped as the worst and the average still exists, but two DNFs make the whole ao5 a DNF. The same applies to ao12 with two or more DNFs.

Check it in Cubetick

Cubetick trims best and worst for ao5 and ao12 and 5% each end for ao50 and ao100. The Stats screen shows your best single, current and best ao5/ao12, mean and a last-100 chart, and toggling +2 or DNF on a solve recalculates everything immediately.

FAQ

Can't I just divide my 5 times by 5?
That is a mean, not a WCA average. Dropping best and worst is what makes your ao5 comparable with competition results and other cubers.
What happens to ao5 with a DNF?
One DNF is dropped as the worst time and the rest are averaged. Two or more DNFs make the ao5 a DNF.
What's the difference between best ao5 and current ao5?
Current ao5 is the average of your latest five solves. Best ao5 is the fastest average of any five consecutive solves so far.

Time your solves with ao5 and ao12 done right

Get Cubetick on Google Play